Difference between Tap root system and Adventitious root system

A root is an underground cylindrical part of the plant that develops from a radicle and grows down into the soil. It lacks nodes, internodes, and buds.

Tap root: The primary root that persists throughout the life of a plant is known as tap root.

Adventitious root: A root that develops from any part of a plant except the radicle or its derivatives is called an adventitious root.

Tap root system and adventitious root system

Taproot system

1. It develops from radical of the embryo

2. It has a persistent primary root known as a taproot.

3. The system grows deep into the soil

4. The taproot system is always underground

5. There is one main root called a taproot, and it produces lateral branches called secondary roots; these in turn produce tertiary roots, and so on. This taproot is thicker than others.

6. It is commonly found in dicots

Example: Mustard

Adventitious root

1. It develops from part of the plant other than the radical or not derivatives.

2. Primary root is short-lived.

3. If underground, the adventitious roots do not grow into the soil.

4. Adventitious root systems may be underground or aerial.

5. A number of main roots develop at one spot. All roots are similar in thickness, except in cases where they are swollen for storage.

6. It is found both in dicots and monocots

Example: Grass, Banyan, Monstera