Based on the nature of particle size, appearance and filterability solutions are classified into three main categories, namely (1) true solution, (2) Colloidal Solution and (3) suspension.
1. A true
solution is a homogenous solution in which the solute particles have
diameters lesser than 1nm i.e., the solute particles are of molecular
dimensions. The particles are invisible even under powerful microscopes and
cannot be separated through filter paper or animal membranes,
2. Colloids
or colloidal solutions, represent an intermediate kind of a mixture
between true solutions and suspension. Colloids consist of two parts: colloidal
particles and the dispersing medium. It is in this dispersing medium that the
colloidal particles are distributed.
3. Suspensions: Suspensions consists of particles of a solid
suspended in a liquid medium. Suspensions are heterogenous systems.
Difference Between True solutions, Colloidal solution and Suspension

(True Solutions vs Colloidal solution vs Suspension)
Property |
True
Solutions |
Colloidal
Solutions |
Suspension |
Size of the particles |
1nm |
1-1000nm |
>1000nm |
Nature |
Homogenous |
Heterogenous |
Heterogenous |
Filterability (Diffusion through parchment paper) |
Particles of true solution diffuse rapidly through filter
paper as well as parchment paper |
Colloidal particles pass through filter paper but not through
parchment paper. |
Suspension particles do not pass through filter paper and
parchment paper. |
Visibility |
Particles of the solution are not visible to naked eye. |
Colloidal particles are not seen to naked eye but can be
studied through ultra-microscope. |
Suspension particles are big enough to be seen by naked eye. |
Tyndall effect |
True solution does not show Tyndall effect. |
Colloids show Tyndall effect. |
Suspension may or may not show Tyndall effect. |
Appearance |
Transparent |
Translucent |
Opaque |
Examples |
Sugar in water, Sodium chloride
(NaCl) in water. |
Starch dissolved in water |
Oil in water, Sand in water. |
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