The elements in which the last electron enters the f orbital of their atoms are called f block elements. In these elements, the last electron is added to the f orbital of the antipenultimate shell i.e., (n-2). These elements are also called inner transition elements. They consists of two series viz., lanthanides and actinides.
Lanthanides involve the filling of 4f orbitals while actinides involve the filling of 5f orbitals in their atoms.
Lanthanides involve the filling of 4f orbitals while actinides involve the filling of 5f orbitals in their atoms.
Lathanides vs Actinides
Lanthanides
|
Actinides
|
Oxidation states
most common oxidation sates=+3 other oxidation state=+2, +4 | Oxidation states Most common oxidation states=+3 other oxidation states= +4,+5,+6 |
Atomic and ionic size Size of the atom/ion decreases across the period. In the group, size of a lanthanide element is smaller than the actinide of its own group. | Atomic and ionic size Size of atom/ion decreases along the period. Actinide has largest size in its own group |
Chemical activity Less tendency towards the complex formation. Except promethium, they are non radioactive. They do not form oxidations oxides and hydroxides are less basic. | Chemical activity Stronger tendency towards the complex formation. All the actinides are radioactive. They form oxocations like oxides and hydroxides are more basic. |
Electronic configuration Lanthanum(La) - 5d16s2 | Electronic configuration Actinium (Ac)- 6d17s2 |
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