The elements in which the last electron enters the f orbital of their atoms are called f block elements. In these elements, the last electron is added to the f orbital of the antipenultimate shell i.e., (n-2). These elements are also called inner transition elements. They consists of two series viz., lanthanides and actinides.
Periodic Table Lanthanides and Actinides
Lanthanides involve the filling of 4f orbitals while actinides involve the filling of 5f orbitals in their atoms.
Lathanides vs Actinides
Lanthanides
Actinides
Oxidation states
most common oxidation sates=+3
other oxidation state=+2, +4

Oxidation states
Most common oxidation states=+3
other oxidation states= +4,+5,+6
Atomic and ionic size
Size of the atom/ion decreases across the period.
In the group, size of a lanthanide element is smaller than the actinide of its own group.
Atomic and ionic size Size of atom/ion decreases along the period.
Actinide has largest size in its own group
Chemical activity
Less tendency towards the complex formation. Except promethium, they are non radioactive.


They do not form oxidations
oxides and hydroxides are less basic.
Chemical activity
Stronger tendency towards the complex formation. All the actinides are radioactive.

They form oxocations like
oxides and hydroxides are more basic.
 Electronic configuration
Lanthanum(La) - 5d16s2
Electronic configuration Actinium (Ac)- 6d17s2

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