About 30 million years ago some anthropoids migrated to South America where they evolved in isolation. These descendents are known as the new world monkeys. Around 25 million years ago, anthropoids that remained in Africa split into two lineages: one give rise to old world monkeys and one gave rise to the hominoids including apes and hominids (humans and direct ancestors). The old world monkeys are closer to man as they have better developed brain, small ear pinnae, sensitive finger tips, presence of both rods and cones in the retina of eyes, continuous spermatogenesis, menstruation and developed facial muscles for expression of emotions by facial gestures.

Old world monkeys vs New World Monkeys

Old world monkeys

Douc langur, an Old World monkey

New World Monkeys

capuchin, a New World monkey

Found in Asia and Africa. Found in Central and South America
Have cheek pouches. Lack cheek pouches.
Have a raised nose with narrow internasal septum. Have  a flat nose with a broad internasal septum.
Nostrils face downward. Nostrils Face forward
Tail is not prehensile. Tail is prehensile.
Have thick, colured pads, the ischial callosities, on buttocks to sit upon. Lack ischial callositiies.

Example of old world monkeys and new world monkeys

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